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ESL forum > Grammar and Linguistics > Auxiliary Verb ´was ´    

Auxiliary Verb ´was ´





MichaelaD
United Kingdom

Many Thanks Abdelhadi,

I really appreciate your writing, many thanks so much for spending time on this issue.

I ´m pretty sure both are correct - ´Not only has she a dog, she also has a cat ´ AND ´not only does she have a dog, but she also has a cat ´.

´to have ´, I think, functions like ´to be ´ in that it does not need an added auxiliary ´to do ´ when adding restrictive, fronted expressions of emphasis, i.e not only, at no time, seldom etc.

However, in modern, informal speech we often add the auxiliary ´to do ´ to sentences where ´has ´ functions as the main verb, and not as an auxiliary forming part of the perfect tense.

After reading your message I did question this, and was worried that perhaps I had taught my students something incorrect, so I did a spot of ´googling ´; although granted we can ´t trust all that is on the next.

´Not only has she a servant who attends them, she has also a mother-in-law ´

´Not only has she a large colored population groveling in the dust of intellectual squalor, but also a majority of her white citizens are without the .. ´

These were a couple of google books extracts that came up.

Many thanks again,

Michaela

8 May 2009     



Abdelhadi
Morocco

 
 
Maybe I ´m wrong, but I ´m sure that I ´ve never come across this type of sentences. This doesn ´t mean that it is impossible, but the common standard English that we were taught and which we are teaching at present uses the first type of sentences; thus, when we start with the negation as in "not only", "never" and "seldom", we usually invert the auxiliary verb and the main verb, except with the verb "to be". Therefore, a sentence like : "Not only does she have a servant who attends them, but she also ...." would be more acceptable in standard English, to my knowledge, than the following sentence : "Not only has she a servant who attends them, but she ...." since the verb "have" usually undergoes the same grammatical changes of the other verbs, with the exception of the verb "be" as I explained before.
 
Well, Consider the following sentences as a further explanation to our grammatical point:
 
1- Aff: She is a nice woman - Interrog: Is she a nice woman?
     - Not only is she a nice woman, but she ......
 
2- Aff: She has a nice cat - Interrog: Does she have a nice cat?
     - Not only does she have a nice cat, but she ... 
 
Anyway, way as I said before, not to know something doesn ´t mean that it is wrong or that only what you know is correct. In addition to that, I ´m not a native English speaker even though I ´m usually trying to learn the language, so maybe I ´ll be so thankful to you if you convince me that we can use both types of sentences.
 
I ´ll be waiting for your answer. I ´ll be happy to add this info to my knowledge.
 
P.S. You can post a new topic in the forum. It may look like:
 
To Native English Speakers Especially:
 
Which of the two sentences you think is correct?
 
1- Not only does she have a dog, but she also has a cat.
2- Not only has she a dog, she also has a cat.
 
I think you ´ll get some helpful responses by posting this or something similar.
 
Ok, thank you again and have a good night/day
 
AbdelhadiBig smile

9 May 2009     



MichaelaD
United Kingdom

Hi Abdelhadi,

I ´ll ask around - to be honest, I don ´t think native speakers who aren ´t grammar specialist necessary have the answer to this, as the ´does ´  option is 100% more widely used, however, ´has ´ in this case is a bit of an anomaly; it could just be an antiquated form, but I think it might be still used. Anyway, I ´m a native speaker and it did occur to me, but I ´m not a grammar specialist so I could be wrong. In any case, I ´ll check it out at work and get back to you.

Best,

Michaela

11 May 2009     

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